Comparing the Mass, Energy, and Cost Effects of Lightweighting in Conventional and Electric Passenger Vehicles
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this work the effect of weight reduction using advanced lightweight materials on the mass, energy use, and cost of conventional and battery electric passenger vehicles is compared. Analytic vehicle simulation is coupled with cost assessment to find the optimal degree of weight reduction minimizing manufacturing and total costs. The results show a strong secondary weight and cost saving potential for the battery electric vehicles, but a higher sensitivity of vehicle energy use to mass reduction for the conventional vehicle. Generally, light weighting has the potential to lower vehicle costs, however, the results are very sensitive to parameters affecting lifetime fuel costs for conventional and battery costs for electric vehicles. Based on current technology cost estimates it is shown that the optimal amount of primary mass reduction minimizing total costs is similar for conventional and electric vehicles and ranges from 22% to 39%, depending on vehicle range and overall use patterns. The difference between the optimal solutions minimizing manufacturing versus total costs is higher for conventional than battery electric vehicles.
منابع مشابه
Energy cost minimization in an electric vehicle solar charging station via dynamic programming
Environmental crisis and shortage of fossil fuels make Electric Vehicles (EVs) alternatives for conventional vehicles. With growing numbers of EVs, the coordinated charging is necessary to prevent problems such as large peaks and power losses for grid and to minimize charging costs of EVs for EV owners. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal charging schedule based on Dynamic Programming (DP...
متن کاملResource Scheduling in a Smart Grid with Renewable Energy Resources and Plug-In Vehicles by MINLP Method
This paper presents a formulation of unit commitment for thermal units integrated with wind and solar energy systems and electrical vehicles with emphasizing on Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP). The renewable energy resources are included in this model due to their low electricity cost and positive effect on environment. As well as, coordinated charging strategy of electrical vehicle...
متن کاملIntelligent Power Control of Green Building-Integrated of Fuel Cell and Plug-in Electric Vehicle in Smart Distribution Systems
The renewable energy sources and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are becoming very popular because of the combination of high fuel costs and concerns about emission issues. This paper presents modelling and control of a Building Integrated Fuel Cell and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (BIFC-PEV) in smart distribution systems. In BIFC-PEV system, conventional building elements could be replaced by sp...
متن کاملCost and Environmental Pollution Reduction Based on Scheduling of Power Plants and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
There has been a global effort to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. In an electric resource scheduling, emission dispatch and load economic dispatch problems should be considered. Using renewable energy resources (RESs), especially wind and solar, can be effective in cutting back emissions associated with power system. Further, the application of electric vehicles (EV) capable of b...
متن کاملModified Harmony Search Algorithm Based Unit Commitment with Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) technology shows great interest in the recent scientificliteratures. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is a interconnection of energy storage of PHEVs and grid. Byimplementation of V2G dependencies of the power system on small expensive conventional units canbe reduced, resulting in reduced operational cost. This paper represents an intelligent unitcommitment (UC) wi...
متن کامل